Christus Victor (Audible Audio Edition) Gustaf Aulén A G Hebert translator Michael Kimball Wise Path Books Books
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Since its publication in English in 1930, Christus Victor has become a modern classic in Christian theology. The author, Dr. Gustaf Aulén (1879-1977) was professor of Systematic Theology at the University of Lund, Sweden. His work re-opened the door to an understanding of what he termed the "classic" idea of the atonement.
Christus Victor explores the meaning and traces the history of each of the three major theories of the atonement. The book is not written to prove one theory over the other, but the incisive review of each theory, along with the copious quotations from primary sources, leaves the listener with no doubt as to which idea the author preferred. The classic idea, or ransom theory, or what can now simply be called Christus Victor, clearly rises to the top.
Though theologically dense, this small book will enliven the hearts and quicken the imagination of listeners diligent enough to spend a few hours immersed in Christus Victor. At the heart of the classic idea of atonement is a long-neglected view of God that will thrill many listeners with hopeful expectation for the ultimate victory we all await.
For George MacDonald fans, who have perhaps wondered how he could have been so adamantly against substitutionary atonement, this book will explain a very different way of looking at the atonement that is in perfect harmony with what MacDonald would hold to. Fans of C.S. Lewis may be thrilled to see the theology behind Aslan's death at the Stone Table in The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe clearly laid out in teachings from the early church.
Christus Victor (Audible Audio Edition) Gustaf Aulén A G Hebert translator Michael Kimball Wise Path Books Books
A seminal and ground-breaking book. Totally refutes the typical Evangelical view of Christ's death with its language about Christ's death "paying a penalty." Nobody in the Church talked this way for 1,100 years, and it is Anselm of Canterbury, not the early Christians, and certainly not the apostles, who can claim credit for this kind of language and the so-called "Satisfaction" View of the Atonement, and its close cousin and product of Protestantism, the "Penal Substitution" View. The author documents that Luther held to the view of the early church fathers, not Anselm. It is unfortunate that Luther's important contribution on justification by faith has overshadowed his views on other important subjects, such as this one.According to Aulen, the early fathers and Luther both held that Christ's death was not a "payment" at all, but a total victory over three "tyrants" (as Luther called them) that hold mankind in subjection: sin, death, and the devil. In Luke 4:18-19 Jesus, at the outset of his public ministry,
declares his purpose for coming - to free prisoners from prison, not make "payment." Indeed language about him making "payment" is conspicuously absent from his lips. The "Classical View" of the atonement sees Jesus not so much as a "ransom payment" but as the Ransom-er, the Enactor of Liberation, the One who sets captives free. He is no victim, but a complete victor. Get this book, and it will change your views profoundly on the subject. Can't say enough good about this important work.
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Christus Victor (Audible Audio Edition) Gustaf Aulén A G Hebert translator Michael Kimball Wise Path Books Books Reviews
I highly recommend this if you are seeking to understand the Christus Victor perspective of Christ's atonement. Interestingly, this is the perspective of Martin Luther, as well as the primary view of the church until Anselm, before 1100 AD. There are certainly some differences between the Substitution (and Penal Substitution) perspective, but I did not find the Christus Victor perspective as radically different as I had wrongly understood it before. I am inclined to think that if the Christus Victor perspective were understood as presented by Aulen in this book, many would go with this understanding, and at the very least, have a far better appreciation of this understanding of the atonement. I will be reading this book a second time, as it was making more sense by the end, and I am sure I will pick up more at the start by reading again. At times I thought some points were belabored, and maybe they were, but I also expect I was not picking up on some nuances at the time as well.
According to The Nature of the Atonement Four Views, this book is the classic explanation and defense of the Christus Victor view of the atonement. I wanted to learn more about this view, so I bought and read this book.
At first, I was quite disappointed with what I read. It was not at all what I wanted or expected. Aulen wrote correctly when, near the beginning of his second chapter when he explains how he will proceed, wrote, "This method of procedure may seem surprising..." Yes, it definitely was that... and as a result, almost caused me to put down the book and stop reading. But I am glad I persevered.
By appearances, the book is little more than a long, historical survey of the doctrine of the atonement, showing how various views of the atonement have been developed over time and in response to various events within the church and the surrounding culture. This is Aulen's "surprising" approach.
For myself, I did not want an historical survey of the doctrine of the atonement, but an explanation and defense of the Christus Victor view. But Aulen provided the second by doing the first.
Frankly, this caused me to frequently get frustrated with his approach. "Just explain the view!" I wanted to yell. But I ended up getting a decent explanation of the view and a history lesson to boot.
As it turns out, the history lesson was important, for it shows why the Christus Victor view fell out of favor among church theologians for nearly 1700 years, but is now beginning to make a bit of a comeback.
And I, for one, say this comeback is long past due.
I read this book for one reason--and that is that CS Lewis considered it to be one of his favorite books. In fact, were it not for my deep knowledge of Lewis, I would not even be aware of it. C.S. Lewis was no Calvinist. Neither was his theological mentor, George MacDonald. And neither am I. Both Lewis and MacDonald subscribed not to the Calvinist "Penal Substitution" theory of atonement, but rather the "Ransom," or "Christus Victor" Theory. And, so do I. But, then, as the author Gustav Aulen points out, even Martin Luther, the father of the Reformation, also rejected the Latin, or "Substitution" theory. Luther advocated the "Classic" or "Ransom" theory. Reformed Protestants seem unaware of this important fact. Aulen's book is well researched, well-written, thorough and convincing. My only quibble is that he gives more than I needed.
A seminal and ground-breaking book. Totally refutes the typical Evangelical view of Christ's death with its language about Christ's death "paying a penalty." Nobody in the Church talked this way for 1,100 years, and it is Anselm of Canterbury, not the early Christians, and certainly not the apostles, who can claim credit for this kind of language and the so-called "Satisfaction" View of the Atonement, and its close cousin and product of Protestantism, the "Penal Substitution" View. The author documents that Luther held to the view of the early church fathers, not Anselm. It is unfortunate that Luther's important contribution on justification by faith has overshadowed his views on other important subjects, such as this one.
According to Aulen, the early fathers and Luther both held that Christ's death was not a "payment" at all, but a total victory over three "tyrants" (as Luther called them) that hold mankind in subjection sin, death, and the devil. In Luke 418-19 Jesus, at the outset of his public ministry,
declares his purpose for coming - to free prisoners from prison, not make "payment." Indeed language about him making "payment" is conspicuously absent from his lips. The "Classical View" of the atonement sees Jesus not so much as a "ransom payment" but as the Ransom-er, the Enactor of Liberation, the One who sets captives free. He is no victim, but a complete victor. Get this book, and it will change your views profoundly on the subject. Can't say enough good about this important work.
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